Hoaks, Filter Bubble Dan Echo chambers Di Media Sosial: Kasus Pilkada 2024cial Media: The Case Of The 2024 Regional Election chambers Di Media Sosial: Kasus Pilkada 2024

Isi Artikel Utama

Dr. Christiany Juditha, S.Sos.MA

Abstrak

Penyebaran hoaks di media sosial makin marak menjelang Pilkada 2024. Fenomena ini diperparah oleh algoritma personalisasi yang menciptakan Filter Bubble dan Echo Chambers dimana pengguna hanya terpapar informasi yang sesuai dengan preferensi mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tetang penyebaran hoaks terkait Pilkada 2024 di media sosial serta peram Filter Bubble dan Echo Chambers terhadapnya. Metode penelitian adalah Netnografi dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil oenelitian menemukan bahwa hoaks yang beredar sebagian besar berfokus pada Pilkada Gubernur/Wakil Gubernur. Isinya menyesatkan, fitnah dan manipulasi fakta dengan tujuan memengaruhi opini publik dan menjatuhkan calon tertentu. Hoaks disertai dengan gambar/video yang telah di edit di luar konteks untuk mendukung narasi yang salah. Sedangkan media sosial seperti TikTok dan Instagram menjadi platform utama untuk menyebarkan hoaks dengan cepat.Dampak negatif yang terjadi yaitu hoaks memicu polarisasi di masyarakat dan memperuncing perpecahan. Akun-akun penyebar hoaks ini beroperasi dalam lingkaran tertutup (Filter bubble dan Echo chambers), sehingga hoaks dapat menyebar dengan cepat dan sulit dibantah. Penyebarannya pun dapat merusak kepercayaan politik terhadap informasi dan intitusi serta mengganggu jalannya demokrasi yang sehat dengan cara memanipulasi opini unlik.

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